Design and implementation of electronic source for ground simulation of space electronic environment based on electronic linear accelerator

1、 Introduction

With the rapid development of aerospace technology, the impact of space electronic environment on spacecraft is becoming increasingly significant. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the impact mechanism of space electronic environment on spacecraft and verify the effectiveness of its protective measures, it is necessary to establish a ground simulation system to simulate the space electronic environment. The electronic linear accelerator, as an efficient energy generation and transmission device, plays an important role in the ground simulation system of space electronic environment. This article aims to explore the design and implementation of an electronic source for ground simulation of space electronic environment based on an electron linear accelerator, in order to provide reference for related research.


2、 Overview of Space Electronic Environment and Its Impact on Spacecraft

The space electronic environment is mainly composed of high-energy particles, solar radiation, Earth's magnetic field, and other factors. These environmental factors have a significant impact on the normal operation and safety of spacecraft, such as potential aging of surface materials, failure of electronic equipment, and orbital deviation. Therefore, establishing a ground simulation system to simulate the space electronic environment is of great significance for verifying the protective measures of spacecraft and evaluating their performance.

3、 The basic principle of electronic linear accelerator and its application in simulation systems

An electron linear accelerator is a device that uses electromagnetic fields to accelerate electrons, mainly composed of an electron gun, an accelerator tube, a focusing system, and a control system. The electron gun generates an electron beam, which is accelerated by the electric field in the accelerator tube to form a high-energy electron beam. The focusing system focuses and shapes the electron beam to meet the requirements of the simulation system. The control system is responsible for monitoring and adjusting the operating status of the accelerator.



In the space electronic environment ground simulation system, electron linear accelerators are mainly used to generate high-energy electron beams and simulate the high-energy particle environment in space. By adjusting the parameters of the accelerator, it is possible to simulate electron beams of different energies and fluxes to meet different experimental requirements.

4、 Design of Electronic Sources for Ground Simulation of Space Electronic Environment

design goal 

To design an electronic source for ground simulation of space electronic environment based on an electron linear accelerator, the following objectives need to be achieved:
(1) Generate high-energy, stable, and adjustable electron beams;
(2) Simulate spatial electronic environments with different energies and fluxes;
(3) Has high energy resolution and beam spot quality;
(4) Easy to operate and maintain.

design scheme

(1) Electronic gun design: using a hot cathode or field emission cathode as the electron source, optimizing the cathode material and emission structure to improve the emission efficiency and stability of the electron beam. At the same time, design a reasonable heating and cooling system to ensure the stability and reliability of the cathode during long-term operation.
(2) Accelerator tube design: Adopting a multi-stage accelerator tube design, gradually accelerating the electron beam is achieved by adjusting the voltage and length of each section of the accelerator tube. At the same time, optimize the electric field distribution and focusing structure inside the accelerator tube, improve the energy resolution and beam spot quality of the electron beam.
(3) Focusing system design: using multi-level focusing coils and magnetic quadrupole lenses and other focusing elements to focus and shape the electron beam. By adjusting the parameters of the focusing system, precise control and optimization of the electron beam can be achieved.
(4) Control system design: Using advanced control systems and monitoring equipment, real-time monitoring and adjustment of the accelerator's operating status. The control system should have high stability and reliability, ensuring the stability and reliability of electronic sources during long-term operation.



5、 Implementation and experimental verification of electronic sources

Electronic source implementation

According to the design scheme, we have successfully implemented an electronic source for ground simulation of space electronic environment based on an electron linear accelerator. The electronic source includes key components such as an electron gun, an accelerator tube, a focusing system, and a control system. By optimizing design and precision manufacturing, we ensure that the performance of the electronic source meets the design requirements.
experimental verification 
In order to verify the performance and reliability of the electronic source, we conducted a series of experimental verifications. The experimental results indicate that the electron source can generate high-energy, stable, and tunable electron beams, and successfully simulate space electron environments with different energies and fluxes. Meanwhile, electronic sources have high energy resolution and beam spot quality, which can meet different experimental requirements. In addition, the operation and maintenance of electronic sources are also relatively convenient, with high practicality and reliability.

6、 Conclusion and Outlook

This article explores the design and implementation of an electronic source for ground simulation of space electronic environment based on an electron linear accelerator. By optimizing design and precision manufacturing, we have successfully achieved high-performance electronic sources that meet design requirements. Experimental verification shows that the electron source can generate high-energy, stable, and tunable electron beams, and successfully simulate space electron environments with different energies and fluxes. This provides strong support for in-depth research on the impact mechanism of space electronic environment on spacecraft.
In the future, we will further optimize the design and performance of electronic sources, improve energy resolution and beam spot quality. At the same time, we will also study the integration technology of electronic sources with other simulation systems to achieve more comprehensive and realistic simulation of the space electronic environment. In addition, we will also explore the potential applications of electronic sources in other fields, such as materials science, biomedicine, and so on. In summary, the study of electronic sources for ground simulation of space electronic environments based on electron linear accelerators has important theoretical significance and practical value.