With the development of technology, LiDAR, as a high-precision and high-resolution radar technology, has been increasingly widely used. Photon detection technology is the foundation of LiDAR, which can provide efficient and high-precision detection results. This article will elaborate on the relevant knowledge of LiDAR based on photon detection technology from three aspects: principle, application, advantages and disadvantages.



1、 The principle of photon detection technology
Photon detection technology is one of the main technologies in LiDAR. The principle is to use the laser beam emitted by the laser, which is scanned or fixed by an optical system, to emit the laser beam onto the target object, receive the reflected photons, and convert the signal through the receiver to obtain information such as distance, velocity, and direction of the target object.
Unlike other radar technologies, the detection principle of photon detection technology is based on the wave particle duality of photons, which refers to the behavior of photons in a laser beam. Its detection accuracy can reach sub centimeter or even smaller ranges. Therefore, photon detection technology has high accuracy and sensitivity, and can effectively detect weakly reflective targets.



2、 Application of Lidar Based on Photon Detection Technology
Lidar based on photon detection technology is widely used in fields such as autonomous driving, precision mapping, airborne lidar, and underwater measurement. Among them, autonomous driving is one of the most widely used fields.
In the field of autonomous driving, the application of LiDAR is mainly reflected in ground vehicles and autonomous flying vehicles. The laser radar in the ground vehicle can feed back the surrounding real-time conditions, obstacles and other information to the driver or the auto drive system, so as to achieve the safety and accuracy of driving. Autonomous flying vehicles can be widely used in measurement, mapping, precision agriculture, and other fields to achieve efficient detection and precise positioning of the environment.
Precision mapping is another application field of LiDAR based on photon detection technology. Lidar can quickly and efficiently obtain terrain, buildings, roads, and other information, and generate corresponding maps. Through image processing technology, high-precision mapping can be achieved. At present, LiDAR has been widely used in fields such as surveying and geological exploration.



3、 Advantages and disadvantages of LiDAR based on photon detection technology
Lidar based on photon detection technology has the following advantages:
1. High precision: Lidar based on photon detection technology can achieve sub centimeter level detection accuracy, greatly improving detection accuracy and sensitivity.
2. High speed: Lidar based on photon detection technology can achieve large-scale scanning and detection, with very fast detection speed.
3. High reliability: Photon detection technology avoids interference from multipath effects and meteorological factors, so the signal stability and reliability of LiDAR are higher than other radar technologies.
However, photon detection technology also has some shortcomings:
1. High cost: Compared to other radar technologies, LiDAR based on photon detection technology requires more expensive equipment and components, and requires cost reduction for commercial applications.
2. Complex structure: The detection system of photon detection technology requires complex equipment support, including lasers, optical systems, detectors, etc.

LiDAR based on photon detection technology is a high-precision, high-speed, and highly reliable radar technology that has been widely used in fields such as autonomous driving, precision mapping, underwater detection, and airborne LiDAR. However, its high cost and complex equipment structure also limit its application scope and popularity, and it needs to continue to be developed and improved in the future.