The principle of laser scanning is a technique that uses a laser beam to scan an object and obtain its geometric shape and color information. The basic principle is to emit a laser beam through a laser, which is controlled by a lens system and a scanning mirror to scan the surface of the target object in a very small area.



When a laser beam is irradiated on the surface of a target object, the beam will be reflected or scattered by the surface of the object. By using photoelectric sensors to receive reflected or scattered light beams, the intensity information of the reflected or scattered light can be obtained. By utilizing the signal processing circuit of photoelectric sensors, light intensity information can be converted into numerical signals, which can be processed and analyzed by computers.

The key to laser scanning lies in the control of the scanning mirror, which scans the laser beam on the surface of the object in a certain way. Scanning mirrors are usually controlled by electronics or motors, which can achieve precise scanning control. By adjusting the position and scanning speed of the scan
ning mirror, global or local scanning of the object surface can be achieved.
During the scanning process, the laser scanning system records the laser intensity information of each pixel and processes and analyzes it through a computer. By processing and analyzing laser scanning data, information such as the shape, texture, and color of the surface of an object can be obtained.



The application of laser scanning principle is very extensive. In the industrial field, laser scanning can be used for 3D modeling, measurement, and quality control. In the field of cultural heritage protection and digital restoration, laser scanning can be used for three-dimensional reconstruction and preservation of cultural relics. In the field of medicine, laser scanning can be used for the acquisition and analysis of medical images. In summary, the principle of laser scanning is an important technology that provides powerful means for research and application in many fields.