Artificial intelligence (AI) is a new technological science that studies and develops theories, methods, technologies, and application systems for simulating, extending, and expanding human intelligence.


Artificial intelligence, in its essence, is a simulation of the information process of human thinking. There are two ways to simulate human thinking: one is structural simulation, which imitates the structural mechanisms of the human brain and creates machines that resemble the human brain; The second is functional simulation, which temporarily sets aside the internal structure of the human brain and simulates its functional processes. The emergence of modern electronic computers is a simulation of the thinking function of the human brain, which simulates the information process of human brain thinking. Overall, the definition of artificial intelligence can be divided into four categories: machines that think like humans, act like humans, think rationally, and act rationally. Here, "action" should be broadly understood as taking action or making decisions about action, rather than physical actions.

Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that attempts to understand the essence of intelligence and produce a new type of intelligent machine that can respond in a way similar to human intelligence. Research in this field includes robotics, language recognition, image recognition, natural language processing, and expert systems. Since its inception, artificial intelligence has become increasingly mature in theory and technology, and its application fields have also expanded. It can be imagined that the technological products brought by artificial intelligence in the future will be the "container" of human intelligence. Artificial intelligence can simulate the information process of human consciousness and thinking. Artificial intelligence is not human intelligence, but it can think like humans and may surpass human intelligence.


Artificial intelligence is a discipline that studies the use of computers to simulate certain thinking processes and intelligent behaviors of humans (such as learning, reasoning, thinking, planning, etc.). It mainly includes the principles of computer implementation of intelligence, manufacturing computers similar to human brain intelligence, and enabling computers to achieve higher-level applications. Artificial intelligence will involve disciplines such as computer science, psychology, philosophy, and linguistics. It can be said that almost all disciplines of natural sciences and social sciences have their scope far beyond the scope of computer science. The relationship between artificial intelligence and thinking science is the relationship between practice and theory. Artificial intelligence is at the technical application level of thinking science and is an application branch of it. From a thinking perspective, artificial intelligence is not limited to logical thinking. It is necessary to consider visual thinking and inspirational thinking in order to promote the breakthrough development of artificial intelligence. Mathematics is often regarded as the fundamental science of various disciplines, and mathematics has also entered the fields of language and thinking. Artificial intelligence disciplines must also borrow mathematical tools. Mathematics not only plays a role in standard logic, fuzzy mathematics, and other fields, but also in the field of artificial intelligence. When mathematics enters the field of artificial intelligence, they will promote each other and develop faster.



Artificial intelligence is an extremely challenging science, and those engaged in this work must have knowledge of computer science, psychology, and philosophy. Artificial intelligence encompasses a wide range of sciences, consisting of different fields such as machine learning, computer vision, and so on. Overall, a major goal of artificial intelligence research is to enable machines to perform complex tasks that typically require human intelligence. But different eras and people have different understandings of this "complex work". The main material foundation used to study artificial intelligence and the machines that can implement artificial intelligence technology platforms are computers. The development history of artificial intelligence is linked to the development history of computer science and technology.

In addition to computer science, artificial intelligence also involves multiple disciplines such as information theory, control theory, automation, bionics, biology, psychology, mathematical logic, linguistics, medicine, and philosophy. The main content of research in the field of artificial intelligence includes knowledge representation, automatic reasoning and search methods, machine learning and knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing systems, natural language understanding, computer vision, intelligent robots, automatic programming, and other aspects.

Creating a machine brain (artificial intelligence) parallel to the human brain with human intelligence is an extremely tempting field for humans, and they have been striving for many years to achieve this dream. From the perspective of a language researcher, it is quite difficult to allow free communication between machines and humans, and it can even be said that it may be an unanswered question. Human language and intelligence are so complex that our research has not yet touched the edge of the extension that leads to essence. At present, artificial intelligence is gradually evolving into the simulation of machine vision, hearing, touch, sensation, and thinking modes: fingerprint recognition, facial recognition, retinal recognition, iris recognition, palm print recognition, expert systems, intelligent search, theorem proving, logical reasoning, game theory, information sensing and evidence processing.

After years of evolution, the development of artificial intelligence has entered a new stage. In order to seize the major strategic opportunities in the development of artificial intelligence, build China's first mover advantage in the development of artificial intelligence, and accelerate the construction of an innovative country and a world science and technology powerhouse, the State Council issued the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan" on July 20, 2017. The Plan proposes guiding principles, strategic goals, key tasks, and guarantee measures for the development of the new generation of artificial intelligence in China by 2030, laying an important foundation for further accelerating the development of artificial intelligence in China.